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卢继东,莫罗坚,龙田养,黄倩琳
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东莞市林业科学研究所,东莞市林业科学研究所,东莞市林业科学研究所,东莞市林业科学研究所
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摘要: |
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采用 2 km×2 km 的 UTM 网格取样法及相邻样方法对东莞市樟科林木资源进行调查，统计每个样地乔木树种植株数量、胸高断面积以及物种多样性指数，分析樟科林木资源的分布特征和规律，结果表明：（1）在东莞市的天然森林里，樟科林木以润楠属、樟属和木姜子属为主，常见树种多为阳生性先锋树种，如豺皮樟 (Litsea rotundifolia)、山苍子 (L. cubeba)、潺槁树 (L. glutinosa) 等，以及中性长寿树种黄樟（Cinnamomum porrectum）和浙江润楠（Machilus chekiangensis），其他树种均为零星分布。浙江润楠、黄樟、山苍子、豺皮樟等种类海拔区间分布较宽，各样地几乎都有分布，而潺槁树明显更多地集中分布在中低海拔的山地中；（2）属国家重点保护野生植物的仅有樟树 (C. camphora )1 种，属我国栽培的常绿硬木类珍贵树种有黄樟、浙江润楠和樟树 3 种；（3）樟科林木种数与群落所有林木植株数量、群落丰富度及香侬韦纳多样性指数均存在正相关关系；（4）樟科林木的植株密度与海拔显著相关，高海拔森林群落中明显比低海拔地区的大；（5）樟科林木胸高断面积与海拔、樟科林木植株数量及优势种种类等相关性显著；（6）浙江润楠具有集群分布、且树木径级较大等特点，且其海拔分布区间较宽，其木材资源在东莞市天然森林里占有重要的地位。
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关键词:
樟科；资源分布；胸高断面积；物种多样性指数
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DOI：
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分类号：
Q948.15
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基金项目：广东省林业科技创新项目“热带亚热带地区樟科种质资源收集保存及其优良树种培育技术研究与示范”（2013KJCX001-04）；东莞市科技计划项目“东莞优良乡土植物在人工林下种植技术的研究”（2014108101021）。 |
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The Distribution Characteristics of Lauraceae Tree Resources in Dongguan |
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Lu jidong,Mo luojian,Long tianyang and Huang qianlin
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Dongguan Research institute of Forestry,Dongguan Guangdong 523106,Dongguan Research institute of Forestry,Dongguan Guangdong 523106,Dongguan Research institute of Forestry,Dongguan Guangdong 523106,Dongguan Research institute of Forestry,Dongguan Guangdong 523106
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Abstract: |
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The Lauraceae tree resources in Dongguan city were investigated by 2 km×2 km UTM grid sampling method and the adjacent sampling methods. The individuals number of each species, the cross-sectional area at breast heigh, and the species diversity index of each community were calculated. The distribution characteristics and regular pattern of the Lauraceae tree species was analysed. The results showed that: (1) In the natural forest of Dongguan, the Machilus, Cinnamomum and Litsea composed the majority of Lauraceae tree species. The common tree specie in this area are heliophilous pioneer species, such as Litsea rotundifolia, L. cubeba and L. glutinosa, as well as mesophytic longevity tree species including Cinnamomum porrectum and Machilus chekiangensis. Other tree species are scattered in this area. M. chekiangensis, C. porrectum, L. cubeba and L.rotundifolia distributed with a wide range of altitude. L.glutinosa significantly more concentrated in low altitude mountain. (2) In thisarea, C. camphora was the only endangered plant, and C. porrectum, C. camphora and M. chekiangensis were rare evergreen hardwood species; (3) The number of species that belong to Lauraceae was positive correlated to the individuals, the species richness and Shannon-Weiner diversity index of the plant commun.ty; (4) The distribution density of the Lauraceae trees was significantly correlated to altitude, and the density was significantly higher in the high altitude area; (5) The cross-sectional area at breast height of Lauraceae trees, was significantly correlated to the altitude, number of lanraceae trees and the dominant species of the plant commuty; (6) Machilus chekiangensis showed a characteristics of cluster distribution, owned large tree diameter, wide distribution range of altitude and much important timber resources.
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Key words:
resource distribution；the cross-sectional area at breast height；species diversity
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